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Related Concept Videos

Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

143
Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
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Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
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Brain microstructure alterations in bipolar disorder subtypes revealed by diffusion kurtosis imaging.

Moto Nakaya1, Kouhei Kamiya2, Ryo Kurokawa1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

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Summary

Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) reveals significant white matter (WM) microstructural differences in bipolar disorder (BD). Patients with bipolar I disorder show more pronounced WM disruption than those with bipolar II disorder, highlighting DKI

Keywords:
Bipolar disorder type IBipolar disorder type IIDiffusion tensor imagingTract-based spatial statisticsWhite matter microstructure

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Bipolar disorder (BD) is linked to white matter (WM) microstructural alterations.
  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) has been utilized, but Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging (DKI) remains underexplored in BD subtypes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare DTI and DKI metrics in the brain's WM for individuals with Bipolar I (BD-I) and Bipolar II (BD-II) disorders versus healthy controls (HC).
  • To investigate correlations between diffusion metrics and clinical scores in BD.
  • To assess DKI's sensitivity in detecting WM alterations in BD subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 40 BD patients (BD-I and BD-II) and 42 HC.
  • Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) applied to DTI and DKI metrics.
  • Analysis of fractional anisotropy (FA) and kurtosis values.

Main Results:

  • BD-I patients exhibited lower fractional anisotropy and kurtosis values compared to BD-II and HC groups.
  • WM disruption was more severe in BD-I than BD-II.
  • DKI analyses revealed a larger spatial extent of significant effects across BD subtypes compared to DTI.

Conclusions:

  • DKI enhances sensitivity to WM microstructural changes in bipolar disorder.
  • DKI offers valuable insights into the distinct biological underpinnings of BD-I and BD-II.
  • Significant microstructural WM differences exist between BD subtypes.