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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

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Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 13, 2025

In Vitro Differentiation of Human CD4+FOXP3+ Induced Regulatory T Cells (iTregs) from Naïve CD4+ T Cells Using a TGF-β-containing Protocol
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Multi-omics integration analysis identifies INPP4B as a T-cell-specific activation suppressor.

Ting Peng1,2, Qing Fang1, Zihao Zhao1

  • 1School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.

Clinical and Translational Medicine
|August 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase B (INPP4B) suppresses T cell activation and maintains quiescence. Upregulation of INPP4B in exhausted T cells suggests its potential in cancer immunotherapy.

Keywords:
INPP4BT‐cell activationmulti‐omics

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Naïve T cells require strict regulation to transition from quiescence to activation.
  • Dysregulated T cell activation can lead to autoimmune diseases and impaired immune tolerance.
  • Mechanisms maintaining T cell quiescence are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of INPP4B in T cell activation and quiescence.
  • To explore INPP4B's potential as a therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Multi-omics integration analysis
  • Chromatin interaction analysis
  • Functional studies of T cell activation and effector functions

Main Results:

  • INPP4B is highly expressed in T cells and suppresses T cell activation.
  • INPP4B forms a T cell-specific chromatin interaction domain, decreasing upon activation.
  • INPP4B expression is upregulated in exhausted T cells within the tumor microenvironment.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal INPP4B levels are crucial for T cell function.
  • INPP4B is a potential target for enhancing T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity.