Mesenchymal stem cell application in Alzheimer's disease.

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Regenerative Medicine
• Gerontology

Background:

• Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder impacting cognitive and physical functions in older adults.
• Key symptoms include memory loss, aphasia, dementia, and visual-spatial impairment.
• Current treatments for AD are limited, necessitating exploration of novel therapeutic approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the preclinical and clinical applications of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in Alzheimer's disease.
• To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of MSCs in AD treatment.
• To identify limitations and potential solutions for MSC therapy in AD.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of preclinical studies and clinical trials involving MSCs for AD.
• Analysis of research on MSC mechanisms of action, including neuroprotection and immunomodulation.
• Evaluation of current challenges and future directions for MSC-based therapies.

Main Results:

• MSCs demonstrate potential in preclinical models of AD, showing neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.
• Clinical applications are emerging, with ongoing trials investigating safety and efficacy.
• Mechanisms involve paracrine signaling, immunomodulation, and direct cell replacement or support.

Conclusions:

• Mesenchymal stem cell therapy is a promising regenerative approach for Alzheimer's disease.
• Further research is needed to overcome application limitations and optimize therapeutic strategies.
• MSC therapy offers a potential foundation for future Alzheimer's disease treatment development.