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Precision therapy in metastatic breast cancer: the current landscape of molecular alteration-based therapies

Hafez M A Abdullah1, Suma Sri Chennapragada2, Rohit Singh3

  • 1University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.

Translational Breast Cancer Research : a Journal Focusing on Translational Research in Breast Cancer
|August 4, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) presents survival challenges, but advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) are identifying new targets. This review covers targetable molecular alterations and therapies for MBC, aiding clinical decisions.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in women globally.
  • Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) accounts for a significant portion of diagnoses and recurrences, with varied survival rates by subtype.
  • Treatment resistance and disease progression remain significant challenges in managing MBC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current data on targetable molecular alterations in metastatic breast cancer.
  • To summarize available therapeutic options, clinical trials, and practical insights for oncologists.
  • To highlight the importance of staying informed about emerging targetable alterations for informed decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of studies on molecular alterations in metastatic breast cancer.
  • Analysis of current therapeutic strategies, including chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy.
  • Examination of clinical trial data and emerging treatment options.

Main Results:

  • Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has identified numerous molecular alterations amenable to targeted therapies.
  • Diverse therapeutic options exist, including endocrine therapy, HER2-targeted agents, antibody-drug conjugates, and immunotherapy.
  • Ongoing research continues to uncover novel therapeutic targets and agents for MBC.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted therapies based on molecular alterations are crucial for improving outcomes in metastatic breast cancer.
  • Continuous updates on targetable alterations and treatment advancements are essential for oncologists.
  • Further research is needed to overcome treatment resistance and enhance survival for MBC patients.
Keywords:
Metastatic breast cancermolecular alterationsnext-generation sequencing (NGS)targeted therapies

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