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Updated: Sep 12, 2025

The Monoiodoacetate Model of Osteoarthritis Pain in the Mouse
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Dual Roles of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in Bone Remodeling and Pain Management: Bridging the Gap in Osteoarthritis

Yulian Zhang1, Wenzhi Wu1, Zhuo Chen1

  • 1School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China.

Mediators of Inflammation
|August 4, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is crucial in osteoarthritis pain and bone changes. Understanding PGE2

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Rheumatology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative bone disease primarily managed with NSAIDs for pain relief.
  • The precise mechanisms of OA pathogenesis remain incompletely understood, necessitating further research.
  • Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is implicated in OA, but its roles in pain and bone remodeling require detailed investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in osteoarthritis (OA) biology and pathology.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms of PGE2 in OA-associated pain and bone structural alterations.
  • To explore potential therapeutic strategies for OA based on PGE2 functions.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review of selected articles focusing on PGE2 in OA.
  • Analysis of evidence regarding PGE2's involvement in central sensitization and pain pathways.
  • Interpretation of PGE2's influence on bone remodeling and repair processes in OA.

Main Results:

  • PGE2 significantly contributes to the central sensitization of OA-related pain.
  • NSAIDs' pain relief mechanisms are linked to their effects on PGE2.
  • PGE2 influences bone repair and regeneration, raising concerns about NSAID side effects on bone remodeling.

Conclusions:

  • PGE2 plays a critical role in both OA pain mechanisms and bone remodeling.
  • Targeting PGE2 pathways offers potential therapeutic avenues for OA management.
  • Further research into PGE2's novel functions can guide future OA treatment strategies.
Keywords:
bone homeostasisosteoarthritispainprostaglandin E2

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