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Instruments for Short-Term (24 h) Violence Risk Assessment and Strategies for Managing Violence Risk Among
Laura Väätäinen1, Maiju Björkqvist1, Yan Li2
1Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
International Journal of Mental Health Nursing
|August 4, 2025
Summary
Short-term violence risk assessment tools for adolescents in institutions are understudied. While some instruments show promise, more research is needed, especially involving youth in the process.
Area of Science:
- Adolescent Psychiatry
- Forensic Psychology
- Clinical Criminology
Background:
- Short-term violence risk assessment and management are crucial in institutional settings but lack sufficient study in adolescent populations.
- Existing research often overlooks the unique needs and perspectives of adolescents within these settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review instruments for short-term violence risk assessment in institutionalized adolescents.
- To identify strategies for managing violence risk among this demographic.
- To evaluate the outcomes associated with these assessments and management strategies.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines was conducted.
- Searches were performed across major databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Scopus) from March 2024 to March 2025.
- Data extraction and analysis were managed using Covidence, including reference checking.
Main Results:
- Nine studies met inclusion criteria, identifying six assessment instruments: DASA, DASA-YV, V-RISK-Y, Kennedy Axis V, Pedi-BEWS, and BVC.
- DASA-YV, BVC, and V-RISK-Y demonstrated strong predictive accuracy (AUC 0.70-0.95) for 24-hour adolescent violence.
- Pedi-BEWS and Kennedy Axis V showed good inter-rater reliability (ICC 0.83 and 0.79, respectively).
- No studies on short-term violence risk management strategies for adolescents were found.
- Adolescent engagement in the assessment process was notably absent, with scoring primarily done by staff.
Conclusions:
- Current evidence on the optimal short-term violence risk assessment instrument for institutionalized adolescents is limited.
- Further research is required to compare the efficacy of youth-specific versus non-age-specific instruments.
- There is a critical need to develop and implement evidence-based strategies that actively involve adolescents in violence risk assessment and management.
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