Use of Three-Dimensional Imaging Reconstruction Software as a Training Tool for Cranial Vena Cava Venipuncture in the...

At the University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, three-dimensional (3D) virtual anatomy reconstructive software has been incorporated into the veterinary anatomy curriculum. With this teaching platform, students are exposed to learning opportunities beyond cadaver dissection and textbook resources. We propose that this 3D anatomy tool can serve as a beneficial adjunctive training aid in teaching laboratory animal personnel technical skills, specifically cranial vena cava (CVC) venipuncture in ferrets. The CVC is one of the preferred sites for a large blood volume collection in the ferret. Though an overall relatively safe technique for collecting blood, the risks of this blind approach include limited ability to hold off the vein after venipuncture and accidental damage to surrounding structures. In this pilot project, 5 lab animal staff trainees were exposed to 3D reconstructed ferret thoracic images and videos in conjunction with verbal instruction to perform cranial vena cava venipuncture in the ferret. The success of the approach was evaluated based on the trainees' ability to correctly angle the needle and syringe, insert the needle at the appropriate location, and collect blood from the site. Of the 5 trainees, 5 (100%) mastered the vertical angle of the needle, 4 (80%) mastered the horizontal angle of the needle, 5 (100%) correctly identified the manubrium as a landmark for insertion, and 2 (40%) successfully collected blood within two attempts of using this approach. As trainees were able to accomplish many key criteria for success, we conclude that the training was successful in providing key anatomic landmarks and spatial awareness necessary for CVC blood collection in the ferret. Beyond the scope of ferret venipuncture, 3D reconstructed images have a potential role in demonstrating surgical techniques and approaches for various clinical skills in veterinary medicine.