Foreign-Born Workers Made Up Half The Increase In The Direct Care Workforce In Home And Community Settings, 2012-22
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Foreign-born workers are increasingly filling critical gaps in the long-term services and supports (LTSS) workforce, especially in home and community-based services (HCBS). Policy solutions should support immigration, training, and job quality to ensure a sustainable direct care workforce.
Area Of Science
- Gerontology
- Public Health
- Sociology
Background
- Persistent labor shortages in long-term services and supports (LTSS) have been observed for over a decade.
- The direct care workforce is crucial for meeting the needs of an aging population and individuals requiring ongoing support.
- Increased reliance on foreign-born workers has been noted, but empirical data on workforce composition changes is limited.
Purpose Of The Study
- To examine long-term changes in the direct care workforce's nativity status and care setting distribution.
- To quantify the contribution of foreign-born workers to LTSS workforce growth.
- To analyze the distribution of foreign-born workers across different care settings, particularly home and community-based services (HCBS).
Main Methods
- Utilized data from the American Community Survey (ACS) spanning 2012-2022.
- Analyzed trends in workforce composition by nativity status (foreign-born vs. native-born).
- Compared workforce growth and decline in HCBS settings versus institutional settings.
Main Results
- The HCBS workforce expanded by over 24% between 2012 and 2022, while the institutional workforce decreased by 23%.
- The decline in the institutional workforce was mainly driven by native-born workers leaving the sector.
- Foreign-born workers constituted approximately 50% of the growth in the HCBS direct care workforce during this period.
Conclusions
- Foreign-born workers are vital in mitigating workforce shortages within the LTSS sector, particularly in HCBS.
- Addressing future LTSS demand requires policy interventions including immigration reform, enhanced training, and improved job quality (wages, career advancement).
- Sustainable solutions are needed to ensure a stable and sufficient direct care workforce to meet growing needs.
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