A Review on Blood Flow Simulation in Stenotically Diseased Arteries

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular fluid dynamics
• Biomedical engineering
• Mathematical modeling

Background:

• Heart diseases, including stroke and heart attacks, are often caused by disrupted blood flow due to arterial constriction (stenosis).
• Atherosclerosis and plaque accumulation are common causes of stenosis, impacting global health.
• Theoretical and computational studies complement clinical research, offering insights into hemodynamic disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent mathematical and numerical modeling advancements in blood flow within stenosed arteries.
• To expand understanding of cardiovascular disease onset and patient mitigation strategies.
• To provide a comprehensive resource for multidisciplinary researchers.

Main Methods:

• Appraisal of over 100 recent articles from reputable journals.
• Focus on methodologies for modeling, numerical simulation, and evaluation of hemodynamic characteristics.
• Tabular organization of geometries and blood behavior (fluids) from 2015-2025.

Main Results:

• Diverse aspects of stenotic hemodynamics have been explored under various assumptions (fluid models, artery characteristics, solution techniques).
• Multi-physical effects like heat transfer, mass diffusion, and nanoparticle effects have been considered.
• Sophisticated insights into hemodynamics associated with cardiovascular diseases and mitigation strategies are provided.

Conclusions:

• Mathematical and numerical modeling significantly enhance the understanding of blood flow in stenosed arteries.
• These studies offer valuable insights for disease onset prediction and the development of mitigation strategies.
• The review serves as a crucial resource for mathematicians, bioengineers, computer scientists, and medical researchers, outlining future research directions.