Advancements in Clinical Diagnosis and the Application of Auxiliary Imaging in Sarcopenic Obesity

Background: Sarcopenic obesity (SO), characterized by the coexistence of reduced skeletal muscle mass and increased fat mass, impairs physical function and mental health. It is commonly associated with comorbidities such as atherosclerotic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. These conditions elevate the risk of osteoporosis and fractures, which may serve as early clinical indicators of SO. With global economic development and an aging population, the prevalence of SO is rising rapidly. Summary: This narrative review explores recent advances in the clinical diagnosis of SO, with a particular focus on the application of auxiliary imaging techniques in both qualitative and quantitative assessments. The review synthesizes findings from current clinical research and evaluates the role of imaging tools in improving diagnostic accuracy and treatment strategies for SO. Despite significant progress, challenges remain in terms of accessibility, cost-efficiency, and practical implementation of these technologies in routine clinical practice. Key Messages: SO is a growing public health concern due to population aging and increasing comorbidities. Diagnostic imaging plays a vital role in enhancing the detection and management of SO. There is a pressing need to develop affordable and accessible diagnostic tools to meet clinical demands.