Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

13.5K
Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
13.5K
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

7.1K
The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA...
7.1K
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

72.4K
Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
72.4K
Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

45.2K
Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
45.2K
Nucleic acids02:43

Nucleic acids

169.0K
Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
169.0K
RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

10.4K
RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while...
10.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Upcycling Pomegranate Peel into Bioactive Microparticles to Improve Antimicrobial Potential in Apple Juice During Refrigerated Storage.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

The Addition of Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Enhances the Antioxidant Capacity, Nutritional Quality, and Sensory Attributes of Vegetable Patties Prepared Using Different Cooking Methods.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

A Yeast-Based High-Throughput Screening Platform for the Discovery of Novel pre-mRNA Splicing Modulators.

ACS chemical biology·2026
Same author

A Yeast-Based High-Throughput Screening Platform for the Discovery of Novel pre-mRNA Splicing Modulators.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

CAKUT variants in <i>PRPF8, DYRK2</i>, and <i>CEP78</i>: implications for splicing and ciliogenesis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Assessing quality and polyphenol in vitro bioaccessibility in healthy jelly gummies with microencapsulated and non-encapsulated pomegranate peel extract.

Food chemistry·2025
Same journal

Biologically Relevant, Cationic Residues in Human Rhinovirus Stabilize Capsid-Bound RNA Duplexes, and Restrict Capsid Flexibility.

Journal of molecular biology·2026
Same journal

Cryo-EM structures of phage T4 infection intermediate.

Journal of molecular biology·2026
Same journal

A classic fold with a twist: Structural architecture of Dhillonvirus phage Bas18.

Journal of molecular biology·2026
Same journal

Tesorai Search: cloud-based database search engine boosts identifications for mass spectrometry proteomics with a pretrained peptide-spectrum deep-learning model.

Journal of molecular biology·2026
Same journal

Characterization of diverse functions of NRF1 nuclear localization sequence.

Journal of molecular biology·2026
Same journal

UPF3A and UPF3B shape the transcriptome cooperatively yet oppose cell function.

Journal of molecular biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 12, 2025

Nanomanipulation of Single RNA Molecules by Optical Tweezers
06:59

Nanomanipulation of Single RNA Molecules by Optical Tweezers

Published on: August 20, 2014

14.9K

Nascent RNA Folding and RNP Assembly Revealed by Single-molecule Microscopy.

Andres Bustamante1, Tucker J Carrocci1, David A Nicholson1

  • 1The Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Journal of Molecular Biology
|August 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Single-molecule imaging reveals how RNA folding and protein binding during transcription coordinate ribonucleoprotein (RNP) assembly. These insights advance our understanding of gene expression regulation.

Keywords:
RNARNPribonucleoproteinsingle-molecule microscopytranscription

More Related Videos

Fluorescent End-Labeling and Encapsulation of Long RNAs for Single-Molecule FRET-TIRF Microscopy
10:59

Fluorescent End-Labeling and Encapsulation of Long RNAs for Single-Molecule FRET-TIRF Microscopy

Published on: October 18, 2024

777
Optical Tweezers to Study RNA-Protein Interactions in Translation Regulation
12:26

Optical Tweezers to Study RNA-Protein Interactions in Translation Regulation

Published on: February 12, 2022

5.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 12, 2025

Nanomanipulation of Single RNA Molecules by Optical Tweezers
06:59

Nanomanipulation of Single RNA Molecules by Optical Tweezers

Published on: August 20, 2014

14.9K
Fluorescent End-Labeling and Encapsulation of Long RNAs for Single-Molecule FRET-TIRF Microscopy
10:59

Fluorescent End-Labeling and Encapsulation of Long RNAs for Single-Molecule FRET-TIRF Microscopy

Published on: October 18, 2024

777
Optical Tweezers to Study RNA-Protein Interactions in Translation Regulation
12:26

Optical Tweezers to Study RNA-Protein Interactions in Translation Regulation

Published on: February 12, 2022

5.2K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Gene expression relies on RNA-protein complexes (RNPs), crucial for cellular functions.
  • RNP assembly often occurs co-transcriptionally, requiring precise coordination of RNA synthesis, folding, and partner binding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review single-molecule imaging techniques for studying RNP assembly.
  • To elucidate the kinetic control of RNA folding and binding partner recruitment during transcription.

Main Methods:

  • Single-molecule imaging techniques are highlighted for their ability to track dynamic processes.
  • These methods allow visualization of RNA folding landscapes and protein interactions in real-time.

Main Results:

  • Single-molecule studies reveal how RNAs navigate folding pathways during transcription.
  • Mechanisms of binding partner recruitment and adaptation to RNA folding are elucidated.
  • Functional links between transcription and RNP assembly machinery are identified.

Conclusions:

  • Single-molecule methods provide critical insights into the mechanisms of RNP assembly.
  • Further advancements in these techniques will deepen our understanding of gene expression regulation across life.