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Multi-platform satellite-derived products during the 2025 Etna eruption
G Ganci1, G Bilotta2, M Dozzo2
1Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Etneo, Catania, Italy. gaetana.ganci@ingv.it.
Scientific Data
|August 4, 2025
Summary
Satellite data from the third-generation Meteosat satellite provided unprecedented insights into the February 2025 Mt. Etna eruption. This comprehensive dataset aids in understanding volcanic activity and improving hazard assessments.
Area of Science:
- Volcanology
- Earth Observation
- Geophysics
Background:
- Earth Observation (EO) data are crucial for high-resolution volcanic eruption assessments.
- The February 2025 Mt. Etna eruption was the first fully monitored by the third-generation Meteosat satellite, offering enhanced mid-infrared data.
- Previous monitoring relied on less advanced satellite technologies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive suite of satellite-derived products for the February 2025 Mt. Etna eruption.
- To leverage unprecedented data from the third-generation Meteosat satellite for detailed analysis.
- To enhance understanding of magma supply, eruptive output, and volcanic hazard assessment.
Main Methods:
- Utilized daily Planet's imagery for lava flow monitoring.
- Employed a post-eruptive Pléiades triplet to create an updated digital surface model (DSM) and estimate deposit thickness.
- Integrated data from MODIS, SEVIRI, VIIRS, FCI, Skysat, PlanetScope, TROPOMI, and Pléiades for comprehensive analysis.
Main Results:
- Generated time-averaged discharge rates (TADR) from multiple sensors (MODIS, SEVIRI, VIIRS, FCI).
- Quantified lava flow areal expansion using Skysat and PlanetScope data.
- Calculated deposit thickness via DSM differencing and derived SO2 mass flux from TROPOMI.
- Produced a 5 m-resolution DSM from Pléiades imagery.
Conclusions:
- Combined analysis of SO2 emissions and TADR enhances understanding of magma dynamics and eruptive processes.
- The provided dataset is critical for multi-temporal morphological change analysis.
- The data supports improved volcanic hazard assessment studies for Mt. Etna.
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