[Validation of the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale to assess anhedonia in patients with unipolar depression In Russia]

To analyze the factor structure, internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity, and the prognostic significance of the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) in the Russian population of patients with monopolar depression.

This multicenter cross-sectional study included patients with monopolar depression (age 18-74):those with a current depressive episode (n=242, 61.6% females) and those in remission (n=49, 73.5% females), as well as healthy subjects in the control group (n=324, 65.4% females). All participants underwent a structured interview to verify the clinical diagnosis and a psychometric examination. Data analysis was performed using the R programming language in RStudio version 4.4.0.

The analysis of the main components revealed the three-factor structure of SHAPS, reflecting sensory pleasure, social pleasure, and pleasure from daily activities. The internal consistency of the scale was good (Cronbach's α=0.82 [95% CI 0.79-0.85]). SHAPS demonstrated high convergent and discriminant validity: patients with a current depressive episode had significantly higher scores compared to those in remission (6 [2.3-9] vs. 2 [0-3], p=2.2·10^-9) and healthy subjects (6 [2.3-9] vs. 0 [0-1], p=2.2·10^-16). The correlation analysis showed a moderate association with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (ρ=0.31, p=9.2·10^-7), while the correlations with the scales measuring other latent constructs were not significant (p>0.05). The ROC analysis revealed the optimal cut-off values: ≥8 points to distinguish between the current depressive episode and remission, and ≥5.5 points to distinguish between the current depressive episode and the absence of the disease.

The study demonstrated for the first time the validity of the Russian-language version of SHAPS in a sample of patients with monopolar depression.