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Updated: Sep 12, 2025

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A Scoping Review Mapping Trans* and Gender Diverse People's Representation in Cancer Research
Morgan Stirling1, Michaela A Bourque2, Mikayla Hunter1
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba Rady, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Research on cancer in Trans* and gender diverse (TGD) people is limited, showing significant gaps in understanding their experiences and outcomes across the cancer continuum. More inclusive research is needed to address inequities in cancer care.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Health Equity
- Gender Studies
Background:
- Trans* and gender diverse (TGD) individuals face significant health inequities, including within cancer care.
- Existing research on cancer in TGD populations is scarce, hindering efforts to address disparities.
Approach:
- Mixed methods scoping review of cancer's impact on TGD people.
- Data extraction on cancer type, phase, gender operationalization, outcomes, and TGD engagement.
- JBI meta-aggregation approach for mixed methods data integration.
Key Points:
- 55 studies included from 5986 titles; 30 reported on cancer screening, primarily sex-based cancers.
- Significant variation in terminology for TGD people and limited data breadth.
- Few studies addressed diagnosis, survivorship, survival, or mortality outcomes; only six engaged TGD people.
Conclusions:
- Substantial gaps exist in the research concerning TGD people and cancer.
- Further evidence generation is crucial to understand TGD cancer experiences and outcomes.
- Addressing these gaps is essential for providing equitable and evidence-based cancer care to TGD individuals.
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