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Dual-anchor interface engineering with a phosphonic acid modifier for improving perovskite solar cell performance.

Wang Yao1, Zijin Qiao1, Zhirui Chen1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China. cmu@ruc.edu.cn.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|August 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Interface engineering of tin oxide (SnO2) electron transport layers using aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) enhances perovskite solar cell performance. This dual-functional strategy improves charge transport and film crystallization, boosting power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Renewable Energy
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Solution-processed tin oxide (SnO2) electron transport layers (ETLs) are scalable for perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
  • Interfacial defects in SnO2 ETLs and perovskite layers limit device performance.
  • Interface engineering offers a route to high-performance PSCs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a dual-functional interface engineering strategy for SnO2 ETLs in PSCs.
  • To utilize aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) for simultaneous regulation of charge transport and crystallization.
  • To improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of SnO2 ETLs via sol-gel methods.
  • Interface modification using aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA).
  • Characterization using open-circuit photovoltage attenuation analysis (OCVD) and transient photovoltage (TPC).

Main Results:

  • AMPA effectively passivates SnO2 surface defects and uniformizes surface potential.
  • AMPA promotes perovskite film growth with enhanced crystallinity, phase purity, and reduced defects.
  • Devices with AMPA modification showed increased power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 18.95% to 20.47% with improved stability.
  • Reduced ion aggregation and migration were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Dual-functional interface engineering with AMPA is a viable strategy for high-performance PSCs.
  • AMPA improves charge dynamics and perovskite film quality, leading to enhanced device efficiency and stability.
  • This approach addresses key interfacial challenges in perovskite solar cell technology.