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Association Between Age at Diagnosis of Coronary Heart Disease and Incident Depression and Anxiety

Jie Liang1, Qiongwei Li2,3,4,5, Yang Pan1

  • 1School of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
|August 5, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Younger age at coronary heart disease (CHD) diagnosis increases depression and anxiety risk. Early diagnosis necessitates mental health monitoring and interventions to mitigate these risks.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The association between younger age at coronary heart disease (CHD) diagnosis and the risk of developing depression and anxiety is not well understood.
  • Existing research has not extensively examined the link between the age of CHD diagnosis and subsequent mental health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between the age of coronary heart disease (CHD) diagnosis and the incidence of depression and anxiety.
  • To determine if a younger age at CHD diagnosis is associated with a higher risk of developing depression and anxiety.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the UK Biobank, including baseline and follow-up information on CHD, depression, and anxiety diagnoses.
  • Employed Cox proportional hazards models and propensity score matching to analyze the association between age at CHD diagnosis and incident depression/anxiety.

Main Results:

  • Included 438,376 adults (49,620 with CHD) over a median follow-up of 13.8 years.
  • CHD diagnosis was linked to increased risks of depression and anxiety.
  • Each 10-year decrease in age at CHD diagnosis was associated with significantly higher risks of depression (HR=1.73) and anxiety (HR=1.66).
  • Propensity score matching confirmed higher depression and anxiety risks in CHD patients, with risks escalating as diagnosis age decreased.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals diagnosed with CHD at a younger age face an elevated risk of developing depression and anxiety compared to those diagnosed later.
  • Highlights the critical need for proactive mental health surveillance and timely interventions for younger CHD patients to reduce the risk of subsequent depression and anxiety.
Abstract

Keywords:
age at diagnosisanxietycoronary heart diseasedepressionpropensity score matching

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