Resilience, Self-Efficacy, and Psychological Burden in Palliative Care: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Letizia Lafuenti1, Daniela Belella1, Rebecca De Paola1
1Clinical Psychology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Abstract:
Aims: This study explores the relationship between resilience and self-efficacy in palliative care patients and caregivers, focusing on gender differences in emotional expression and the impact of patient-caregiver dynamics on distress and coping. Methods: A cross-sectional study involved 160 palliative patients and 123 caregivers. Validated tools assessed resilience (Resilience Scale-14), self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale), distress (Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale), emotional expressivity (Toronto Alexithymia Scale), and caregiving burden (Caregiver Inventory). Regression and mediation analyses identified predictors of distress and burden. Results: Higher resilience correlated with lower patient distress (p = .004) but increased caregiver burden (p < .001). Resilience mediated the relationship between self-efficacy and burden. Male patients had more difficulty identifying emotions (p < .001). The patient-caregiver relationship type did not significantly affect distress. Conclusions: While resilience is a protective factor for patients, it may unintentionally heighten the burden on caregivers. Gender-sensitive psychological interventions are needed to improve emotional processing and coping strategies.
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