Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 12, 2025
Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
Published on: September 5, 2017
Recurrence of tuberculosis and associated risk factors among Non-HIV patients in Taiwan: A retrospective cohort study
Che-Min Hsu1, Chia-Ju Wu1, Chih-Jung Chang1
1Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Background/Purpose:
Despite effective short-course anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatments, TB recurrence remains a significant public health issue. This study aims to investigate the rate of TB recurrence and its associated risk factors in Taiwan.
Methods:
Patients with active TB who completed anti-TB treatment from 2012 to 2019 at Taipei Veterans General Hospital were identified and included in the analysis. All enrolled cases were followed for up to 6 years to identify TB recurrence using the CDC registration database in Taiwan. The evolving trends in annual TB recurrence rates were examined. Independent demographic, clinical, and microbiological factors associated with TB recurrence were also investigated.
Results:
A total of 1875 patients with active TB were enrolled in the analysis. The overall TB recurrence rate was determined to be 2.0 % (434 per 100,000 person-years), with a median follow-up duration of 72 months. A notable decline in the recurrence rate was observed post-2017. The peak recurrence rate was observed during the second year following treatment completion. Independent factors associated with TB recurrence included a body mass index (BMI) <20 kg/m² (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 4.38, 95 % CI:1.70-11.30, p = 0.002), a history of previous TB (aHR 4.28, 95 % CI: 1.77-10.35, p = 0.001), and 2-month sputum TB culture non-conversion (aHR:3.37, 95 % CI: 1.36-8.38, p = 0.009). These observations were further corroborated through subgroup analyses, encompassing pulmonary TB and culture-confirmed pulmonary TB.
Conclusions:
The TB recurrence rate in Taiwan is low and shows a declining trend. Independent factors associated with TB recurrence included low BMI, previous TB, and 2-month sputum TB culture non-conversion.
More Related Videos
07:21Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment
Published on: June 23, 2019
09:34An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis
Published on: August 16, 2021
Related Concept Videos
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
01:31Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
01:26Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
01:26Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...