Clinical utility of two-dimensional shear wave elastography in two dogs with presumptive toxic hepatopathy

Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a non-invasive ultrasound technique for assessing tissue stiffness. This study examined the clinical utility of two-dimensional SWE (2D-SWE) in two dogs diagnosed with presumptive toxic hepatopathy.

The first case involved a 9-year-old Pompitz that presented with anorexia, vomiting, and diarrhea following garlic and onion ingestion. Laboratory tests revealed anemia, elevated liver enzyme levels, and diabetic ketoacidosis. Ultrasonography demonstrated increased hepatic echogenicity and elevated SWE values. Despite intensive treatment, the dog's condition deteriorated, with progressive increases in liver enzyme levels and SWE values, resulting in euthanasia. The second case involved a 1-year-old Maltipoo that presented vomiting, depression, and abdominal pain, with no reported history. Laboratory findings indicated elevated liver enzyme and bile acid levels. Ultrasonography revealed increased hepatic echogenicity and SWE values. Following treatment for acute toxic hepatopathy, the dog exhibited significant improvement within 3 days, with normalization of hepatic echogenicity, SWE values, and liver enzyme levels.

These cases demonstrate the clinical relevance of 2D-SWE in assessing hepatic damage, tracking therapeutic response, and informing prognosis in presumptive toxic hepatopathy.