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Hyalomma marginatum in Europe: The Past, Current Status, and Future Challenges-A Systematic Review

Seyma S Celina1, Jiří Černý1

  • 1Center for Infectious Animal Diseases, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
|August 6, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The Hyalomma marginatum tick, a vector for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), is spreading in Southern Europe. Climate change and bird migration may increase its range, posing public health risks.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Entomology
  • Medical Entomology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hyalomma marginatum is a significant tick vector in Europe.
  • It transmits pathogens like the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV).
  • Understanding its distribution is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the geographical distribution of Hyalomma marginatum.
  • To identify regions with significant populations of this tick.
  • To assess the spread of associated tick-borne pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of 144 publications.
  • Analysis of geographical distribution data for Hyalomma marginatum.
  • Assessment of factors influencing tick dispersal.

Main Results:

  • Significant populations of Hyalomma marginatum identified in Southern Europe and the Balkan Peninsula.
  • Potential for further dispersal into transalpine regions due to climate change and bird migration.
  • Identification of regions at higher risk for tick-borne diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Hyalomma marginatum populations are expanding in Europe.
  • Climate change and bird migration are key factors in tick dispersal.
  • Enhanced surveillance and public awareness are vital to manage tick-borne disease risks.
Keywords:
Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever virusHyalomma marginatumRickettsiamigratory birdssurveillancetick distribution

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