Anaemia and Other Haemogram Parameters Associated With Benign Maxillomandibular Odontogenic Lesions

Introduction: Dental alterations associated with benign odontogenic lesions can alter patients' diet, possibly leading to anaemia. Indeed, cytological studies of fluid contained in benign odontogenic lesions report the presence of blood cells. The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate anaemia and haemogram parameters in relation to benign odontogenic lesions. Material and Method: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study over 24 months in the Odontostomatology Department of the Idrissa Pouye General Hospital in Dakar, Senegal. The selection criteria included all patients who had received treatment for benign odontogenic lesions with an available cell blood count. The collected variables were demographic, clinical and paraclinical, with calculation of inflammation marker ratios. The data were analysed using SPSS 20.0 software, and the Kruskal-Wallis and Fisher tests were also performed for statistical comparison. Results: Of a total of 50 patients, 70% were women. The mean age was 32.6 years, with a mean duration of 41.5 months. Mandibular location was encountered in 76% of the cases. Ameloblastoma and cemento-osseous dysplasia each accounted for 24% of the cases. Anaemia was found in 21 patients, 11 of whom were normocytic normochromic and 8 microcytic hypochromic. Neutropenia was noted in 23 patients. Conclusion: Normocytic normochromic anaemia, microcytic hypochromic anaemia and neutropenia were more common in benign odontogenic lesions. A more detailed study should be undertaken to gain a better understanding of the significance of haemogram parameter variations in benign odontogenic lesions.