Robotic Oesophageal Spindle Cell Lipoma Excision

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Surgical Pathology
• Oncology

Background:

• Esophageal lipomas are rare benign tumors, comprising less than 1% of all gastrointestinal lipomas.
• Spindle cell lipoma (SCL) is an exceptionally rare variant of esophageal lipoma.
• Accurate diagnosis is crucial to differentiate from malignant esophageal neoplasms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of spindle cell lipoma (SCL) of the esophagus.
• To highlight the diagnostic challenges and management of this rare esophageal tumor.
• To emphasize the importance of histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis.

Main Methods:

• A case study of a 52-year-old female patient presenting with dysphagia.
• Diagnostic procedures included esophago-gastroscopy and computerized tomography (CT) scan of the chest.
• Surgical intervention involved robotic trans-thoracic excision.
• Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations were performed.

Main Results:

• A large submucosal mass was identified in the esophagus.
• Initial biopsy suggested squamous hyperplasia; final histopathology confirmed SCL.
• Immunohistochemistry showed CD 34 positivity and negative results for desmin and MDM2.
• The patient underwent successful complete excision of the esophageal lesion.

Conclusions:

• Spindle cell lipoma (SCL) of the esophagus is a rare entity requiring precise diagnosis.
• Complete surgical excision is the standard treatment for esophageal SCL.
• Differentiating SCL from malignant esophageal tumors is critical for appropriate patient management.