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Updated: Sep 12, 2025

Image Acquisition Method for the Sonographic Assessment of the Inferior Vena Cava
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Image Acquisition Method for the Sonographic Assessment of the Inferior Vena Cava

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Inferior Vena Cava/Aorta Diameter Index for the Evaluation of Intravascular Volume Status in Children with Idiopathic

Anshuman Saha1,2, A P Anila3, K V Pavan4

  • 1Department of Pediatric Nephrology, St John's Medical College, Bengaluru, India. drasaha1980@gmail.com.

Indian Pediatrics
|August 6, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The inferior vena cava/aorta diameter index is lower in children with nephrotic syndrome during relapse than in remission. This index did not independently predict low intravascular volume status in these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Nephrotic syndrome can lead to significant fluid shifts and volume status changes in children.
  • Accurate assessment of intravascular volume is crucial for managing nephrotic syndrome.
  • The inferior vena cava/aorta diameter index (IVC/Ao index) is a potential non-invasive marker for volume status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the correlation between the IVC/Ao index and clinical indicators of volume status in pediatric nephrotic syndrome.
  • To compare the IVC/Ao index between children with nephrotic syndrome in relapse versus remission.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective longitudinal study of children aged 2-18 years with relapsed nephrotic syndrome.
  • Volume status assessed using clinical criteria (tachycardia, hypotension, capillary filling time).
  • Sonographic measurements of IVC and aorta diameters obtained at relapse and remission.

Main Results:

  • The IVC/Ao index was lower in children with low intravascular volume compared to normal volume status (P=0.090).
  • Weak correlations were observed between the IVC/Ao index and heart rate (r=-0.29) and mean arterial pressure (r=0.23).
  • The IVC/Ao index significantly increased from relapse to remission (P=0.001).

Conclusions:

  • The IVC/Ao index is lower in children with nephrotic syndrome during relapse compared to remission.
  • The IVC/Ao index did not independently predict low intravascular volume status in this cohort.
Abstract

Keywords:
HypovolemiaPoint-of-care UltrasonographyShock

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