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Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Remote Surgery with Augmented Reality and Robotics for Enhanced Precision and Accessibility

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Artificial Intelligence-Augmented Human Instruction and Surgical Simulation Performance: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Bianca Giglio¹, Abdulmajeed Albeloushi^1,2, Ahmad Kh Alhaj^1,2

¹Neurosurgical Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Learning Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

|August 6, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Artificial intelligence-augmented personalized expert instruction significantly improved surgical performance and skill transfer compared to intelligent tutoring alone. This highlights the crucial role of human expertise in AI-driven surgical training.

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Area of Science:

Medical Education
Artificial Intelligence in Surgery
Surgical Simulation

Background:

Optimizing artificial intelligence (AI) tutoring systems for surgical training remains an open question.
Intelligent Continuous Expertise Monitoring System (ICEMS) is an AI tutoring system with potential for surgical education.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the effects of AI-augmented personalized expert instruction versus intelligent tutoring alone on surgical performance.
To evaluate the impact on skill transfer and affective-cognitive responses in surgical trainees.

Main Methods:

A single-blinded randomized clinical trial involving 87 medical students without prior VR simulator experience.
Trainees received either intelligent tutor instruction (control), expert feedback matching the tutor, or AI data-informed personalized expert feedback.
Surgical performance and skill transfer were measured using an AI-calculated composite expertise score; cognitive and emotional demands were assessed via questionnaires.

Main Results:

The AI data-informed personalized expert feedback group showed significantly higher surgical performance scores compared to the control group.
This group also demonstrated superior performance in metrics like bleeding and injury risk.
Significant differences were observed in emotional and cognitive load between the groups.

Conclusions:

Personalized expert instruction, informed by AI data, enhances surgical performance and skill transfer.
The findings underscore the importance of integrating human expertise with AI for effective surgical training.
AI-augmented feedback systems show promise for improving surgical education outcomes.