Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 12, 2025

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
Published on: September 11, 2021
Individual preferences for certain types of spirals and the possible role of creativity
Ronald Hübner1,1, Golfam Goodarzi2
1Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany. ronald.huebner@uni-konstanz.de.
Abstract:
This study explores the appeal of different types of spirals, commonly found in nature, architecture, and art. The first experiment investigated aesthetic appreciation of Archimedean, logarithmic, and golden spirals, considering factors such as size and the number of turns. As a result, three groups of individuals were identified: those who favored golden spirals, those who preferred Archimedean spirals, and a group that liked logarithmic spirals and similar ones. Interestingly, personality traits showed no clear relation with these preferences. In the first part of a second experiment, the participants were not only asked to choose between different types of spirals, but also to justify their choice by providing reasons. The results indicate that the preferences often stem from the spirals' features as well as from personal associations, confirming that aesthetic judgments are influenced by both objective and subjective factors. However, results also suggested that the preference for certain types of spirals is related to creativity. This hypothesis was tested in the second part of the second experiment in which participants generated associations to the spirals. The analysis of the frequency and originality of the associations revealed that individuals who prefer the golden spiral to the Archimedean spiral tend to be more creative. Overall, the study highlights the complexity of aesthetic preferences and the potential role of both objective features and subjective associations in shaping our responses to spirals.
Related Concept Videos
Creative Thinking
Divergent thinking is the...
Cultural Influences on Personality
Carl Rogers' Humanistic Perspective on Personality
The organism refers to an individual's inherent blueprint, which Rogers saw as innately positive and directed toward helping others, unlike Freud's view of the id as driven by base impulses. The self is a person's...
The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
Cognitive Learning
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...

