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Aging: a possible road toward gut microbiota pathoadaptation.

Rita Melo-Miranda1, Ana Pinto1, Hugo C Barreto2

  • 1Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.

Gut Microbes
|August 7, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Healthy aging in mice involves beneficial gut bacteria shifts. However, aging mice also develop pathoadaptive mutations in commensal bacteria, enhancing their ability to thrive in the gut environment.

Keywords:
AgingEscherichia coliexperimental evolutionmicrobiotapathoadaptation

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Gerontology
  • Microbiome Research

Background:

  • Aging is linked to increased inflammation and gut microbial imbalance (dysbiosis).
  • This dysbiosis may promote the growth of pathobionts, potentially due to reduced colonization resistance.
  • Understanding age-related microbial changes in controlled environments is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if healthy aging prevents the selection of age-associated pathobionts.
  • To examine the adaptive evolution of commensal Escherichia coli in aged mice under controlled conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Tracking the adaptive evolution of a commensal Escherichia coli strain in aged mice.
  • Analyzing mutations in E. coli and changes in other microbial species like Akkermansia muciniphila.

Main Results:

  • Commensal E. coli acquired mutations typically found in younger mice, suggesting healthy aging.
  • An increase in Akkermansia muciniphila was observed in aged mice, indicative of healthy aging.
  • However, E. coli in older mice also acquired unique pathoadaptive mutations affecting metabolism, motility, and biofilm formation.

Conclusions:

  • Healthy aging in mice is associated with specific gut microbial shifts and bacterial adaptations.
  • While some adaptations suggest health, others indicate pathoadaptive evolution in commensal bacteria during aging.
  • Controlled aging environments reveal complex microbial evolutionary responses to senescence.