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P-N junction

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Atomically Traceable Nanostructure Fabrication

Atomically Traceable Nanostructure Fabrication

Published on: July 17, 2015

Atomic-Precision Heterojunction Textiles Enable Sunlight-Powered Self-Disinfection.

Lingyun Guo¹, Jin Zhou¹, Ronghua Liu¹

¹Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001, P.R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|August 7, 2025

Summary

This study presents a sunlight-activated antibacterial fabric using a novel pg-C3N4/ZnO coating. This eco-friendly approach offers durable, scalable sterilization for textiles and medical applications.

Keywords:

atomic layer deposition heterojunction nanomaterial reactive oxygen species self-disinfection

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Textile Engineering

Background:

Cotton fabrics' porous nature facilitates microbial growth, posing health risks.
Conventional sterilization methods have limitations like equipment dependency and safety concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a sunlight-driven antibacterial solution for cotton fabrics.
To create a durable and scalable antimicrobial textile technology.

Main Methods:

Fabric surface modification with a pg-C3N4/ZnO heterojunction photosensitizer.
Utilizing atomic layer deposition for precise ZnO integration.
Employing amine-aldehyde covalent grafting for durability.

Main Results:

Enhanced carrier separation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation (3.63-fold increase).
Dual antimicrobial action via ROS and released Zn2+ ions.
Demonstrated durable antibacterial performance under various conditions (washing, drying, daily use).

Conclusions:

The pg-C3N4/ZnO composite provides efficient, sunlight-driven sterilization.
This cost-effective, eco-friendly technology is suitable for hygienic textiles and medical environments.