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Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment for Breathlessness in Lung Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Stephen B Lo1, Nicole A Arrato1, Carolyn J Presley2

  • 1Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.

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|August 7, 2025
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Summary

The novel "Take a Breath" (TAB) cognitive-behavioral treatment significantly improved dyspnea-related functioning and anxiety in lung cancer patients. TAB also enhanced psychological well-being and physical function, demonstrating its efficacy.

Keywords:
anxiety sensitivitycognitive-behavioraldyspneaexposurelung cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Dyspnea is a common and debilitating symptom in lung cancer patients, negatively impacting their quality of life, mental health, and physical functioning.
  • Existing treatments for dyspnea in lung cancer are limited in their effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of a new cognitive-behavioral intervention called "Take a Breath" (TAB) for managing dyspnea in lung cancer patients.
  • To compare TAB with standard of care (SOC) in a randomized controlled trial.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 45 lung cancer patients with moderate to severe dyspnea compared TAB to SOC.
  • TAB comprised 5 weekly individual sessions including exposure therapy, biofeedback with pulse oximetry, psychoeducation, and breathing techniques.
  • Outcomes including dyspnea scales, depression, quality of life, physical activity, and functional status were assessed at multiple time points.

Main Results:

  • TAB was rated as "mostly satisfactory" by 75% of participants, indicating good acceptability.
  • Feasibility was supported by a 25.6% accrual rate, 60% session completion, and 88.7% homework completion.
  • TAB demonstrated significant improvements over SOC in dyspnea-related functioning (Cohen's d=0.82) and anxiety (Cohen's d=0.87) post-treatment and at follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • The "Take a Breath" (TAB) intervention shows promise as a comprehensive cognitive-behavioral treatment for dyspnea in lung cancer.
  • TAB led to significant improvements in symptom burden, psychological distress, and functional status.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm the efficacy of TAB in larger trials.