Ribonucleoprotein-based CRISPR/Cas9 genome co-editing in Aspergillus luchuensis mut. kawachii

In this study, we established a ribonucleoprotein-based clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) genome co-editing method for the white koji fungus, Aspergillus luchuensis mut. kawachii. To introduce the single guide RNA-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complex into protoplast cells of A. luchuensis mut. kawachii, we investigated the conditions for protoplast preparation using Yatalase -Plus-. Subsequently, we employed the ribonucleoprotein-based method to knockout the ATP sulfurylase-encoding sC gene, which imparts selenate resistance in the model strain NBRC 4308 and the industrial strain No. 8046. Furthermore, we explored genome co-editing by simultaneously targeting sC along with either the orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase-encoding pyrG gene or the transcriptional activator of protease genes-encoding prtR gene in NBRC 4308. The transformants were selected in medium containing selenate, resulting in the successful generation of pyrG- and prtR-knockout strains. Similarly, transformants were selected on medium containing selenate, resulting in the successful generation of prtR-knockout strain in No. 8046. These results demonstrate that the ribonucleoprotein-based genome co-editing method is applicable not only to the model strain but also to industrial strains, making it a promising approach for manipulating A. luchuensis mut. kawachii.