Facilitating sleep initiation in children with ADHD and sleep problems: a qualitative experience-based study

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Sleep Medicine
• Child Psychology
• Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

• Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) frequently encounter sleep difficulties.
• These sleep problems can worsen ADHD symptoms and negatively impact daily functioning and family well-being.
• Identifying facilitators for sleep initiation is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the experiences of children with ADHD and sleep problems regarding facilitators of sleep initiation.
• To understand the factors that children perceive as helpful for initiating sleep.

Main Methods:

• An exploratory, inductive qualitative design was employed.
• Individual interviews were conducted with 21 children (aged 6-12) diagnosed with ADHD and sleep problems.
• Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze interview data.

Main Results:

• Children identified behavioral facilitators: physical exercise, regulated digital device use, and balancing activity with rest.
• Environmental facilitators included a calming sleep environment and consistent evening routines.
• Children emphasized the need for individualized strategies tailored to their preferences.

Conclusions:

• Both behavioral and environmental factors are significant in supporting sleep initiation for children with ADHD.
• Integrating children's perspectives and preferences is vital when designing sleep support strategies.
• Findings can inform future research and clinical practices for pediatric sleep issues in ADHD.