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Community-based interventions in mental health represent a paradigm shift from institution-centered care to treatments embedded within the fabric of local communities. By prioritizing inclusion and leveraging existing societal structures, this approach fosters a supportive environment conducive to addressing mental health challenges while promoting individual dignity and agency.
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Evaluating Community Violence Intervention Programs: A Scoping Review Synthesizing Methods and Measures.

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Community violence intervention (CVI) research needs improvement. Evaluations should include process and outcome measures, community-level data, and community voices for better assessment of CVI programs.

Keywords:
community violencecommunity violence interventioncommunity-based participatory researchfirearmsscoping review

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Criminology
  • Program Evaluation

Background:

  • Community violence intervention (CVI) is a key strategy for reducing violence.
  • Existing research on CVI effectiveness is fragmented, lacking a comprehensive overview of evaluation methods and measures.
  • A thorough synthesis of CVI evaluation practices is needed to guide future research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a scoping review of evaluation measures and methods used in US-based CVI programs.
  • To summarize the characteristics of CVI program evaluations, including measures, units of analysis, and community involvement.
  • To identify gaps and recommend improvements for CVI research.

Main Methods:

  • Scoping review of peer-reviewed and gray literature from 1996-2023.
  • Screened 1763 articles, including 149 for analysis.
  • Summarized evaluation characteristics, focusing on measures, analysis levels, and partner involvement.

Main Results:

  • Most studies (38.9%) used both process and outcome measures, with increasing use of process measures over time.
  • Outcome evaluations predominantly used deficit-based measures (76.4%).
  • CVI practitioners were rarely co-authors (10.7%), despite contributing to evaluations.

Conclusions:

  • CVI evaluation requires a more comprehensive approach.
  • Future research should integrate process and outcome measures, utilize community-level analysis, adopt asset-based frameworks, and involve community members.
  • These improvements will enhance the assessment of CVI program implementation and impact.