Posttraumatic stress disorder neurophysiology and clinical correlates in pediatric critical care: conceptualizing a...

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Psychiatry
• Pediatric Critical Care Medicine

Background:

• Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent among pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) survivors and their parents.
• Critical illness and PICU stays significantly impact long-term psychological well-being.
• Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings is crucial for effective intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the neurophysiology and pathophysiology of PTSD in the context of the PICU.
• To identify predisposing and protective factors related to pediatric critical care.
• To conceptualize PICU-PTSD within a biopsychosocial framework.

Main Methods:

• This study employed a narrative review methodology.
• Evidence-based literature on neurophysiology and PICU-PTSD was systematically explored.
• Key findings on risk and protective factors were synthesized.

Main Results:

• Neurobiological mechanisms contribute to the development of PTSD after critical illness.
• Factors encountered during critical care influence PTSD development.
• A biopsychosocial model provides a comprehensive understanding of PICU-PTSD.

Conclusions:

• Understanding the neurophysiology of PICU-PTSD is essential for identifying modifiable risk factors.
• This knowledge can improve risk stratification and guide future research.
• A comprehensive biopsychosocial approach is necessary for managing PICU-PTSD.