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Methamphetamine use and suicide risk: a comprehensive case-control study
Ahmed Hamed Aljadani1, Mohamed Abouzed2, Halima Adam3
1College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Methamphetamine use significantly increases suicide risk, with heavy daily use posing the greatest danger. This highlights the need for integrated mental health care and monitoring for substance users to reduce suicidality.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Addiction Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Methamphetamine is a potent stimulant with significant psychological and physiological effects.
- Substance use, particularly stimulants, is a known risk factor for adverse mental health outcomes, including suicidality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the independent association between methamphetamine use and suicidality.
- To adjust for potential confounding variables in the relationship between methamphetamine use and suicide risk.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 800 substance users in Saudi Arabian mental health hospitals.
- Utilized urine analyses, Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale, Addiction Severity Index, and Timeline Follow-Back.
- Employed multivariate analyses and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to assess the relationship and survival probabilities.
Main Results:
- Methamphetamine users showed significantly higher rates of suicidality (30%) and suicide attempts (18%) compared to non-users (20% and 7%).
- A dose-response relationship was observed, with heavy daily methamphetamine use increasing suicide risk (OR=3.2).
- Methamphetamine users had a poorer survival rate (HR=2.4) compared to non-users.
Conclusions:
- Methamphetamine use is a strong, independent predictor of suicidality.
- Comprehensive mental health evaluations, tailored interventions, and long-term monitoring are crucial for reducing suicide risk in methamphetamine users.
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