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Updated: Sep 12, 2025

Coherence between Brain Cortical Function and Neurocognitive Performance during Changed Gravity Conditions
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Neuroadaptive changes in brain structural-functional coupling among pilots.

Xi Chen1, Qingbin Meng1, Qingsong Song2

  • 1Institute of Flight Technology, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, Sichuan, China.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|August 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pilot flight experience alters brain structure-function coupling, revealing neuroplastic changes. These findings may enhance aviation safety through improved pilot selection and training protocols.

Keywords:
flying experiencefunction connectivitygraph signal processingneuroplasticitystructural-functional coupling

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Investigating neural mechanisms in pilots is vital for aviation safety.
  • Previous research focused on structural/functional brain differences, neglecting their relationship.
  • The link between brain structure and function in pilots requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate neuroplastic changes in pilots' brains related to flight experience.
  • To examine the relationship between structural and functional brain connectivity in pilots.
  • To identify neural adaptations that could inform pilot selection and training.

Main Methods:

  • Collected T1-weighted MRI, resting-state fMRI, and DTI data from 47 pilots and 38 controls.
  • Quantified structural-functional coupling (SFC) using the Structural Decoupling Index (SDI) via graph signal processing.
  • Decomposed functional connectivity into coupled and decoupled components for regional brain analysis.

Main Results:

  • Pilots showed significantly higher SDI (reduced SFC) in regions like the middle frontal gyri, precentral gyrus, and parietal lobules.
  • Enhanced SFC was observed in the inferior frontal gyri, paracentral lobule, and insula in pilots.
  • Pilots exhibited increased decoupled functional connectivity (d-FC) between specific regions, correlated with flight hours.

Conclusions:

  • Prolonged flight experience induces neuroplastic changes in regional SFC in pilots' brains.
  • Findings offer novel insights into neural adaptations from flight training.
  • This research can help refine pilot selection and training for enhanced aviation safety.