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Brief Report: Switching to Long-Acting CAB/RPV: Data From an Italian Monocentric Cohort
Maddalena Matone1, Marco Piscaglia1,2, Andrea Giacomelli3
1Department of Infectious Diseases, Unit I, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999)
|August 8, 2025
Summary
Cabotegravir/rilpivirine (CAB/RPV) long-acting injectable therapy shows high adherence and good tolerability in HIV-1 patients. Discontinuation was low, primarily due to injection site pain, with no confirmed virologic failure.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
- HIV/AIDS Treatment
Background:
- Cabotegravir/rilpivirine (CAB/RPV) is the first long-acting injectable (LAI) antiretroviral therapy for virologically suppressed adults with HIV-1.
- This study evaluates real-world outcomes of CAB/RPV LAI administered every 8 weeks (Q8W).
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the durability and adherence of CAB/RPV LAI in a clinical setting.
- To identify reasons for treatment discontinuation.
- To evaluate virologic outcomes during CAB/RPV LAI therapy.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational study of a single-center Italian cohort.
- Included 138 patients with HIV-1 on CAB/RPV LAI Q8W.
- Median observation period of 43 weeks.
Main Results:
- High adherence to the injection schedule (92.8%).
- Low discontinuation rate (8.7%), with injection site pain as the most common reason.
- No confirmed virologic failure observed; 3 patients experienced virologic blips.
Conclusions:
- CAB/RPV LAI Q8W is well-tolerated in clinical practice.
- High adherence and low discontinuation rates support its use.
- Injection site pain is a manageable reason for discontinuation.
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