Self-management of cognitive impairments: a qualitative study of cancer survivor' coping strategies

Cognitive impairments are frequently reported by cancer survivors. However, these often remain untreated. Understanding the coping strategies used by cancer survivors to manage cognitive impairments offers insights that may inform the development of scalable self-management recommendations and interventions. Consequently, this study therefore explores the specific coping strategies employed by cancer survivors themselves to address cognitive impairments.

A digital qualitative study with a descriptive design was conducted, including 389 cancer survivors' responses to an open-ended question in a digital survey: "What have you found helpful in managing cancer-related cognitive impairments?". Participants were recruited across Norway through social media platforms and e-mails distributed by Norwegian cancer societies and health care organizations. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Five themes were identified as important in managing cognitive impairments: (1) challenging the brain, (2) applying tools, (3) receiving support and validation, (4) managing fatigue, and (5) coping with emotional distress.

Cancer survivors employ various strategies to cope with cognitive impairments, including physical exercise, cognitive training, leisure activities, and compensatory tools. Support and validation from significant others play a crucial role, highlighting the importance of increasing knowledge about cognitive impairments after cancer treatment. Holistic interventions that address contributing factors, such as fatigue and emotional well-being, should be prioritized. These insights may inform the development of future self-management recommendations and interventions. Due to methodological limitations related to recruitment, the findings may not be generalizable to the entire target population.