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Sweeteners and puberty: investigating genetic and dietary influences on central precocious puberty

Yuan-Jen Tsai1, Chia-Min Kuo2, Jhih-Wei Hsu2

  • 1Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
|August 8, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Artificial sweeteners like aspartame and sucralose, along with added sugars, are linked to increased risk of central precocious puberty (CPP). Genetic predisposition also independently raises CPP risk in children.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatric Health
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Central precocious puberty (CPP) involves early activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, leading to potential short stature and reproductive issues.
  • Rising CPP prevalence necessitates research into genetic and dietary influences to mitigate long-term health effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between sweetener consumption, genetic predisposition, and the risk of developing central precocious puberty.
  • To identify specific sweeteners and dietary factors contributing to CPP risk and explore potential gender-specific effects.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 481 participants diagnosed with CPP.
  • Statistical evaluation of the link between intake of aspartame, sucralose, glycyrrhizin, added sugars, and CPP risk.
  • Assessment of genetic predisposition and gender-specific associations with CPP.

Main Results:

  • Aspartame, sucralose, glycyrrhizin, and added sugars were significantly associated with increased CPP risk.
  • A dose-dependent relationship was observed: higher sweetener intake correlated with greater CPP risk.
  • Gender-specific effects noted: sucralose linked to CPP in boys; glycyrrhizin, sucralose, and added sugars in girls.

Conclusions:

  • Both sweetener consumption and high genetic predisposition independently increase CPP risk.
  • Combined genetic and dietary assessments are crucial for developing targeted prevention strategies for at-risk children.
  • Early identification and intervention can help reduce the long-term health and developmental consequences of CPP.

Keywords:
Central precocious pubertyGenetic predispositionInteractionPRSSweeteners

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