IAV inhibits the host antiviral defense mediated by LncRNA-LRIR to enhance viral replication
These videos have been matched automatically. Contact us if they are not relevant.
These videos have been matched automatically. Contact us if they are not relevant.
View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Long non-coding RNA Regulating IAV Replication (LRIR) inhibits influenza A virus (IAV) replication. IAV infection downregulates LRIR, weakening antiviral defense and promoting viral spread.
Area Of Science
- Molecular Biology
- Virology
- Immunology
Background
- Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial in host antiviral immunity and viral replication.
- Influenza A virus (IAV) employs mechanisms to evade host defenses, but these are not fully understood.
- The interplay between lncRNAs and IAV in regulating antiviral responses requires further investigation.
Purpose Of The Study
- To identify and characterize novel lncRNAs involved in the host response to IAV infection.
- To elucidate the mechanism by which a specific lncRNA, LRIR, affects IAV replication and antiviral immunity.
- To explore the potential of LRIR as a therapeutic target against IAV.
Main Methods
- Identification of differentially expressed lncRNAs upon IAV infection using A549 cells.
- Functional analysis of LRIR through knockdown and overexpression experiments.
- Mapping of functional domains within LRIR essential for antiviral activity.
- Investigation of LRIR's molecular mechanism, including its effect on viral genome replication and TMPRSS2 expression.
Main Results
- A novel lncRNA, LRIR (LncRNA Regulating IAV Replication), was identified and found to be downregulated during IAV infection.
- LRIR knockdown enhanced IAV replication, while LRIR overexpression inhibited it, confirming its antiviral role.
- Specific regions of LRIR (258–381 nt and 38–97 nt) are critical for its antiviral function.
- LRIR suppresses viral replication and transcription by downregulating the expression of TMPRSS2.
Conclusions
- IAV infection suppresses LRIR expression, leading to reduced inhibition of TMPRSS2 and enhanced viral replication.
- LRIR acts as a host antiviral factor by negatively regulating TMPRSS2.
- LRIR represents a potential therapeutic target for developing novel anti-IAV strategies.
These videos have been matched automatically. Contact us if they are not relevant.
These videos have been matched automatically. Contact us if they are not relevant.
Related Concept Videos
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...