The role of m⁶A in lipid metabolism-related diseases

N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modification represents one of the most abundant RNA epigenetic modifications in eukaryote organisms. This modification plays a crucial role in various RNA processing events through the actions of m⁶A methyltransferases, demethylases, and recognition proteins, thereby influencing a wide array of biological processes. Notably, the significance of m⁶A modification in lipid metabolism, along with its underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms, is increasingly being elucidated. The regulation of lipid metabolism is intricately linked to the maintenance of energy homeostasis, and disruptions in lipid metabolism are characteristic of numerous diseases, including obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. This review comprehensively summarizes the pivotal role and molecular mechanisms of m⁶A modification in diseases related to lipid metabolism, such as obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular atherosclerosis. Additionally, it introduces pharmacological agents, plant extracts, and small molecule compounds that target m⁶A regulatory factors. This work provides theoretical references for the development of future therapeutic strategies targeting m⁶A modifications to treat diseases related to lipid metabolism.