Barriers to breast cancer screening among female teachers: a qualitative study

Early diagnosis of breast cancer is critical for effective treatment and improved prognosis. This study investigated the barriers to breast cancer screening among high school teachers in Kerman, Iran.

In 2018, a qualitative design with purposeful sampling was used to recruit 35 high school teachers. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and group discussions. Content analysis was conducted using MAXQDA 2020, and trustworthiness was ensured through triangulation and member checking.

Participants (mean age: 47 ± 6 years) reported low screening rates, with only 17.1% regularly performing breast self-examinations and 42.8% having undergone mammography. Identified barriers were grouped into individual/familial factors (e.g., low self-worth, procrastination, lack of knowledge, false confidence, emotional distress, fear, and unsupportive partners) and sociocultural factors (e.g., shame and limited access to facilities). These barriers underscore the need for targeted interventions to enhance screening participation.

Multiple individual and sociocultural barriers hinder breast cancer screening among Iranian women. Improving awareness, implementing supportive policies, and empowering teachers may promote early detection and prevention efforts.