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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 12, 2025

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology

Published on: August 22, 2022

The Spacing Index (TSI): A diagnostic classification for spaced dentitions.

Minnie Lyons-Coleman¹, Claire Bates¹, Nicky Mandall¹

¹Tameside and Glossop Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.

Journal of Orthodontics

|August 9, 2025

Summary

The Spacing Index (TSI) is a valid and reliable tool for assessing orthodontic spacing. It accurately categorizes mild, moderate, and severe spacing, aiding in routine orthodontic assessments.

Keywords:

reliability spacing index validity

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Area of Science:

Orthodontics
Dental Diagnostics

Background:

Assessing dental spacing is crucial in orthodontic evaluations.
A standardized index for categorizing spacing can improve diagnostic consistency.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the validity and reliability of The Spacing Index (TSI).
To determine if TSI can accurately classify dental spacing as mild, moderate, or severe.

Main Methods:

A diagnostic study involving 53 anonymized dental study models.
Comparison of measurements using Vernier callipers (gold standard) against visual assessments by two raters.
Intra-observer reliability assessed over a two-week period.

Main Results:

The Spacing Index demonstrated substantial agreement (weighted kappa = 0.79) between the gold standard and test raters.
Intra-observer reliability for the index exceeded 0.80, indicating near-perfect consistency over time.

Conclusions:

The Spacing Index (TSI) is a valid and reliable method for categorizing dental spacing.
TSI can be effectively integrated into routine orthodontic assessments.