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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Palliative Care Research
  • Health Systems Assessment

Background:

  • Global palliative care development is uneven, with many lacking access to quality services.
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed a new framework for assessing national palliative care systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate worldwide palliative care development using the WHO framework.
  • To establish the first global ranking of countries based on palliative care performance across 14 indicators.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional, mixed-methods study involving 201 countries and territories (2023-2025).
  • National consultants used a structured survey based on WHO indicators across six domains: policy, medicines, service delivery, education, research, and community empowerment.
  • A Global Development Score was calculated, classifying countries into four development levels: Emerging, Progressing, Established, and Advanced.

Main Results:

  • 37% of countries were classified as Emerging, and 32% as Progressing, covering nearly half the global population.
  • Only 12% reached the Advanced level, and 18% were Established.
  • Gaps in essential medicines and specialized education were noted, even in high-income countries. Thailand, Chile, and Uruguay were highlighted as regional examples of advanced development.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first global ranking of palliative care development using WHO indicators.
  • Results underscore persistent disparities and offer a tool for targeted improvements in palliative care.
  • The Global Development Score aids countries in benchmarking progress, identifying gaps, and strategizing to expand access to palliative care.