Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 12, 2025

Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles
09:15

Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles

Published on: November 10, 2017

14.7K

Classification, prevalence and cardiovascular risk of different types of hypercholesterolemia

Fernando Civeira1, Estíbaliz Jarauta1, Victoria Marco-Benedí1

  • 1Unidad de Lípidos, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Psiquiatría y Dermatología, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.

Revista Espanola De Cardiologia (English Ed.)
|August 9, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Genetic hypercholesterolemia, particularly with elevated lipoprotein(a), leads to a worse atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) prognosis. Treatment effectiveness for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol may be reduced in hyperlipoproteinemia(a).

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Genetics
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • The clinical characteristics and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk associated with different types of hypercholesterolemia are not fully understood.
  • Determining the cause of hypercholesterolemia is crucial for assessing ASCVD prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the frequency, clinical features, and ASCVD risk across various hypercholesterolemia types.
  • To ascertain if the underlying cause of hypercholesterolemia influences ASCVD outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 3474 probands with primary hypercholesterolemia, followed for ASCVD.
  • Classification of hypercholesterolemia using genetic analysis (familial hypercholesterolemia genes), polygenic risk scores, and lipid levels (including lipoprotein(a)).

Main Results:

  • Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) showed higher baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; hyperlipoproteinemia(a) had a higher ASCVD prevalence.
  • Participants with hyperlipoproteinemia(a) had a significantly lower survival rate compared to other groups.
  • ASCVD events were independently associated with age, male sex, baseline ASCVD/diabetes/hypertension, smoking, lipoprotein(a), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic hypercholesterolemia confers a poorer ASCVD prognosis than non-genetic forms.
  • Elevated lipoprotein(a) in genetic hypercholesterolemia is linked to the worst ASCVD prognosis.
  • Standard lipid-lowering therapies may be less effective for hyperlipoproteinemia(a)-associated hypercholesterolemia.
Abstract

Keywords:
ClasificaciónClassificationFamilial hypercholesterolemiaHipercolesterolemia familiarHipercolesterolemia primariaMortalidadMortalityPrimary hypercholesterolemia

More Related Videos

Isolation and Analysis of Plasma Lipoproteins by Ultracentrifugation06:47

Isolation and Analysis of Plasma Lipoproteins by Ultracentrifugation

Published on: January 28, 2021

11.5K
Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein07:29

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein

Published on: October 12, 2017

9.4K

Related Concept Videos

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation01:29

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation

Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
686
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile01:25

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile

Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
293
Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents01:20

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents

Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
871
Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:18

Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements

Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
1.1K
Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
82
Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures

Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
32