Adagrasib versus docetaxel in KRAS^G12C-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (KRYSTAL-12): a randomised, open-label,...

Adagrasib is a KRAS^G12C inhibitor that demonstrated promising activity against KRAS^G12C-mutated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a phase 2 trial. Here we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of adagrasib versus docetaxel in patients with KRAS^G12C-mutated advanced NSCLC previously treated with chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

KRYSTAL-12 is a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3 trial conducted at 230 centres in 22 countries. Patients with Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue (KRAS)^G12C-mutated locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC, who had previously received both platinum-based chemotherapy and anti-programmed cell death protein 1 or anti-programmed death ligand 1 therapy, were randomly allocated in a 2:1 ratio to receive 600 mg adagrasib (twice a day orally) or 75 mg/m² docetaxel (every 3 weeks intravenously) using a centralised interactive web response system. Randomisation was stratified by region (non-Asia-Pacific vs Asia-Pacific) and previous treatment (sequential vs concurrent chemotherapy or immunotherapy). Treatment continued until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, investigator or patient decision, or death. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival assessed by blinded independent central review in all randomised patients (intention-to-treat [ITT] population). Safety was assessed in all treated patients. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04685135), and is active but no longer recruiting.

Between Feb 23, 2021, and Nov 16, 2023, 453 patients were randomly allocated to receive adagrasib (301 [66%]) or docetaxel (152 [34%]). In each group, 298 (99%) patients received adagrasib and 140 (92%) received docetaxel. In the ITT population (median follow-up 7·2 months [95% CI 5·8-8·7]), median progression-free survival was 5·5 months (95% CI 4·5-6·7) with adagrasib and 3·8 months (95% CI 2·7-4·7) with docetaxel (hazard ratio 0·58 [95% CI 0·45-0·76]; p<0·0001). Grade 3 and above treatment-related adverse events occurred in 140 (47%) of 298 patients treated with adagrasib and 64 (46%) of 140 with docetaxel. There were four (1%) treatment-related deaths in the adagrasib group and one (1%) treatment-related death in the docetaxel group.

Adagrasib demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival over docetaxel in patients with previously treated KRAS^G12C-mutated NSCLC, without new safety signals.

Mirati Therapeutics, a Bristol Myers Squibb company.