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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

139
Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...
139
Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

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Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
22
Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:26

Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

31
Varicose veins, or varicosities, develop when the valves in the veins, which control blood flow, weaken or damage. It causes blood to pool and the veins to enlarge. Understanding the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management options for varicose veins is crucial for effective treatment and relief.Clinical manifestationsClinical manifestations of varicose veins include a heavy, achy feeling or pain after prolonged standing or sitting. This discomfort can often be relieved by...
31
Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

44
Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:20

Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

35
The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
35
Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction

335
Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
335

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 12, 2025

New Thrombectomy Technique for Total Portal Vein Thrombosis in Liver Transplantation
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Portal Vein Embolization: Efficacy, Methodology, and Alternatives.

Diana C Dinh1, Muneeb Ahmed1

  • 1Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA.

Techniques in Vascular and Interventional Radiology
|August 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Portal vein embolization (PVE) enhances liver remnant growth before major liver surgery for cancer. This review covers PVE techniques, identifying insufficient liver remnants, and alternative methods for effective liver augmentation.

Keywords:
future liver remnantliver surgeryportal vein embolization

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatobiliary Surgery
  • Interventional Radiology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Portal vein embolization (PVE) is standard for liver augmentation before major liver resection in cancer patients.
  • PVE occludes diseased liver segments, redirecting blood flow to the future liver remnant.
  • This redirection stimulates hypertrophy, enabling major hepatectomy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methods for identifying an insufficient future liver remnant.
  • To discuss technical considerations for effective PVE.
  • To explore alternative or adjunctive measures for PVE.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of PVE techniques and outcomes.
  • Analysis of methods for assessing future liver remnant volume and function.
  • Evaluation of alternative and adjunctive embolization strategies.

Main Results:

  • Key indicators for insufficient future liver remnant identified.
  • Effective PVE techniques detailed, emphasizing complete portal inflow occlusion.
  • Alternative and adjunctive methods offer solutions for complex cases.

Conclusions:

  • PVE is crucial for enabling major liver resections in cancer patients.
  • Accurate assessment of liver remnant and precise PVE technique are vital.
  • Alternative strategies enhance PVE's applicability and success rates.