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Related Concept Videos

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Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
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The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
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Systems Policy Analysis for Antimicrobial Resistance Targeted Action (SPAARTA): A Research Protocol.

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Many countries have Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) National Action Plans (NAPs) but lack implementation and funding. This study offers a systematic approach for policy analysis and country comparison to improve NAP V.2.0 development and success.

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‘Antimicrobial resistance policies’‘Health systems’‘national action plan’‘surveillance’

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Health Policy
  • Implementation Science

Background:

  • Most countries (88%) have Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) National Action Plans (NAPs), yet implementation and funding remain significant challenges.
  • Systemic factors at the national level can impede or accelerate AMR intervention success, necessitating a broader perspective beyond AMR alone.
  • Effective intervention selection requires systematic approaches to explain and predict progress in combating AMR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide innovative policy analysis for country comparison and refine targeted actions for AMR.
  • To support the development and implementation of improved National Action Plans (NAPs V.2.0).
  • To identify and analyze systemic factors influencing AMR intervention effectiveness.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-method, multi-country case study involving 17 countries across WHO regions and emerging economies.
  • Textual analysis of peer-reviewed literature and policy documents (2000-2024), supplemented by longitudinal quantitative analysis of Antimicrobial Use (AMU) and AMR outcomes using econometrics and machine learning.
  • Development of an interactive Tableau dashboard for visualizing and comparing country-level AMR intervention contexts and components.

Main Results:

  • The study protocol establishes a systematic and transparent framework for countries to benchmark their AMR strategies.
  • An interactive dashboard will enable comparisons between country clusters (by geography or economy) and facilitate knowledge mobilization.
  • This approach allows for the identification of key determinants and outcomes related to AMR interventions.

Conclusions:

  • This protocol facilitates a structured assessment of national AMR strategies, enabling countries to benchmark their progress.
  • The interactive dashboard promotes rapid knowledge sharing among policymakers and planners for improved strategic decision-making.
  • The methodology supports the nomination of countries for future analysis waves, fostering continuous improvement in global AMR action plans.