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Related Concept Videos

G Protein-coupled Receptors01:15

G Protein-coupled Receptors

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G Protein-Coupled Receptors or GPCRs are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to sensory stimuli such as light, odors, hormones, cytokines, or neurotransmitters.
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Transducer Mechanism: G Protein–Coupled Receptors01:30

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G Protein–Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to various stimuli. GPCRs regulate critical physiological pathways and are excellent drug targets for treating diseases such as diabetes, cancer, obesity, depression, or Alzheimer's. Nearly 35% of approved drugs implement their therapeutic effects by selectively interacting with specific GPCRs.
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GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

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Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
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Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

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Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

A Method to Assess Bacteriocin Effects on the Gut Microbiota of Mice
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Exploring the Microbial Peptides Derived from the Human Gut Microbiota to Regulate Class B GPCRS Using an In Silico

Swagath S1, Prateek Nayak2, Kuntal Pal2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.

ACS Omega
|August 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered novel microbial peptides from the gut microbiome that can modulate Class B G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). This finding opens new therapeutic avenues for metabolic and endocrine disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Class B G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are crucial drug targets for cardiovascular, neurological, and metabolic diseases.
  • The human gut microbiome is increasingly recognized for its role in host physiology through bioactive molecules.
  • Microbial peptides represent an underexplored resource for therapeutic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize bioactive peptides from the gut microbiome that interact with Class B GPCRs.
  • To investigate the functional impact of these microbial peptides on GPCR activity and signaling.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of microbiome-derived peptides for metabolic and endocrine disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic analyses including sequence homology, structure modeling, and molecular docking were employed to identify candidate peptides.
  • Peptide binding affinity and functional regulation of GPCR activity were assessed experimentally.
  • Molecular dynamics simulations were utilized to analyze peptide-receptor complex stability and interaction dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Identification of unique microbial peptides with the ability to modulate Class B GPCR function.
  • Detailed insights into the stability and interaction patterns of peptide-GPCR complexes.
  • Demonstration of receptor conformational changes relevant to G-protein interaction.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiome is a promising source of novel GPCR modulators.
  • Microbial peptides can significantly influence host physiological functions via GPCRs.
  • This research supports the development of microbiome-driven therapeutic strategies for metabolic and endocrine diseases.