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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Optimized System for Cerebral Perfusion Monitoring in the Rat Stroke Model of Intraluminal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion
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Enoxaparin Improves Outcomes in Cerebral Infarction Rats by Reducing Microcirculatory Thrombosis and Hypoperfusion.

Yao Li1, Ding'an Zheng1, Liuliu Xiong1

  • 1Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China.

Journal of Neuroscience Research
|August 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Low-molecular-weight heparin (Enoxaparin) given before cerebral ischemia in rats significantly improved microcirculation and reduced infarct severity. Pre-ischemic Enoxaparin enhanced reperfusion blood flow and protected the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Keywords:
enoxaparinfutile recanalizationischemic strokemicrocirculation thrombosisno‐reflow

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Microcirculatory disturbances are critical in cerebral infarction outcomes.
  • Futile recanalization, where blood flow is restored but tissue damage persists, is linked to microcirculation issues.
  • Understanding early prognostic factors and therapeutic interventions for cerebral infarction is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate early factors influencing cerebral infarction prognosis in rats.
  • To determine if low-molecular-weight heparin (Enoxaparin) improves microcirculation disorders post-ischemia.
  • To assess the impact of Enoxaparin timing on infarct severity and microvascular function.

Main Methods:

  • A male rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was used, employing transient (tMCAO) or permanent (pMCAO) ischemia.
  • Cortical blood flow was monitored using laser speckle blood flow imaging.
  • Enoxaparin was administered either 30 minutes before ischemia (Enox-pre) or 1 hour post-reperfusion, with saline controls for tMCAO.

Main Results:

  • Pre-ischemic Enoxaparin (Enox-pre) significantly reduced moderate and severe injuries from 54.2% (tMCAO) to 25%.
  • Enox-pre treatment enhanced cortical blood flow at 1 hour post-reperfusion compared to saline-treated rats.
  • Enox-pre reduced fibrin deposition, improved microvascular patency, and decreased blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption.

Conclusions:

  • Early administration of Enoxaparin before cerebral ischemia mitigates infarct severity in rats.
  • Enhanced microcirculation and improved reperfusion blood flow are key mechanisms by which Enoxaparin exerts its protective effects.
  • Enoxaparin treatment reduces microthrombus formation and blood-brain barrier disruption, leading to better cerebral infarction outcomes.