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Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Phage-Mediated Genetic Manipulation of the Lyme Disease Spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi
Published on: September 28, 2022
Phage Therapy: A Targeted Solution for Brucellosis
Bahareh Lashtoo Aghaee1, Mohammad Yousef Alikhani2,3, Sima Kazemi2
1Assistant Professor of Bacteriology, Ramsar Campus, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Ramsar, Iran.
Abstract:
Background: Brucellosis is a widespread zoonotic bacterial infection that affects over 500,000 people annually, with significant economic losses in the livestock industry, particularly in endemic regions such as the Middle East, Asia, and parts of Africa and Latin America. Despite standard antibiotic treatments, relapse rates remain as high as 10%-15%, highlighting the limitations of current therapeutic options. Objective: Phage therapy, which uses bacteriophages to selectively target and lyse Brucella spp. bacteria, offers a promising approach for managing brucellosis. Methods: This paper explores the current understanding of brucellosis, highlighting the impact on animal and human health, and reviews the mechanisms and efficacy of bacteriophages against Brucella spp.Results:Key factors, such as phage specificity, immune modulation, and recent advancements in phage encapsulation, are discussed as strategies to enhance treatment efficacy. Conclusion: This review aims to explore emerging alternative therapies beyond conventional antibiotics, focusing on approaches such as immunotherapy, bacteriophage therapy, and novel vaccine strategies to improve clinical outcomes and reduce disease burden.
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