Regulated cell death-targeted ocular nanomedicine

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Cell Biology
• Nanomedicine

Background:

• Ocular disorders involve abnormal cell proliferation and death.
• Regulated cell death (RCD) encompasses pathways like apoptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and necroptosis.
• Dysregulated RCD contributes significantly to vision-threatening diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the mechanistic roles of five major RCD types in eye diseases.
• To summarize nanomedicine applications targeting RCD pathways in ophthalmology.
• To discuss future prospects of RCD-targeted nanomedicine for ocular therapy.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of RCD mechanisms in ocular pathology.
• Analysis of nanomedicine strategies for targeting RCD in eye diseases.
• Discussion of challenges and opportunities in ocular nanotherapeutics.

Main Results:

• Diverse RCD types are implicated in various ocular pathologies.
• Nanomedicine shows promise in overcoming ocular barriers for targeted RCD modulation.
• Current nanomedicine approaches facilitate controlled drug release and co-delivery for RCD therapy.

Conclusions:

• Targeted nanomedicine is crucial for advancing ocular therapeutics by modulating RCD.
• Nanomedicine offers solutions to limitations posed by ocular anatomy for RCD-regulating drugs.
• RCD-targeted nanomedicine holds potential for next-generation ocular theranostic platforms.